Distribution and Habitat: Found throughout Deccan Peninsula and Ceylon

Botany: Annual and biennial herbaceous plant, drying yellow. 

• Stems  : 8-20 inches, tetragonous, glaucous upwards, simple ascending often closely- adpressed hairs.
•  Leaves :Elliptic, sub acute, nerved, hairy on both surfaces; petiole 1/8- ¼ inches. bracts ovate or oblong, glabrous on their backs. Calyx tube and teeth with stalked stellate hairs; teeth pattened sub persistent, petals dark purple or nearly white.
• Flowers: Sub capitate often with  2 or 4 leaves close under the head some times more lax, bristles on the apex of the ovary very numerous,
• Fruit : Rarely less than ¼ in broad obscurely main ribbed ovoid.         

Chemical constituents: The plant is rich in phenolic compounds, tannins and flavanoids

Properties and uses: It  has antioxidant properties, anti-nociceptive properties and  used in treating inflammations.

Propagation: By seeds