Distribution and Habitat: Found throughout tropics

Botany: It is a large evergreen tree, 10-45 m high with deep tap root system. 

• Leaf: The leaves are simple, linear- oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 10-30 cm long, petiolate, alternate, irregularly placed along the branchlets.
• Flowers: Small, reddish white or yellowish green, in large panicles.
• Fruits: Variable in form and size, green, yellowish or red, fleshy. Seeds solitary, ovoid-oblique, engaged in a hard fibrous endocarp.

Properties:

• The root and bark are acrid, cooling and astringent.
• Flowers are cooling and astringent.
• Unripe fruit is acrid, acid, astringent, tasty, stomachic and antiscorbutic.
• Ripe fruit is laxative, nourishing, and invigourating, diuretic, astringent, diaphoretic and refrigerant.
• Bark astringent.

Chemical constituents: 

• Leaves contains two flavonoids, two phenolic compounds, carbohydrates and tannin.
• Panicles give ethyl acetate.
• Mangiferin has been isolated from bark.
• Roots give mangiferin, friedelin, and β-sitosterol.
• Fruits contain vitamins A, C, and D.

Uses: 

• Bark is used in  utrine haemorrhages, diarrhoea, in diphtheria, Rheumatism.
• The extract of leaves, bark and stems and unripe fruit exhibit moderate anti-bacterial activity.
• Mangiferin has cardiotonic and diuretic properties

Formulations: Pshyanuga churna, amrapanaka, khandabhrakam, vridhagangadhara churna, jatiphala rasa, jambavadi kvatha, mehamihira taila, ashokarishta, madhukadyabaleha, chandanadi churna

Agro technology

Climate and soil: Mango is adaptable to a wide range of climate and soil conditions and grows well from sea level up to about 1500 m. It withstands both fairly dry conditions and high rainfall.

Propagation: It is propagated from seed and by grafting. Inarching or simple approach grafting is the method commonly practised in India. 

Irrigation: Irrigate twice a week during summer months till the plant are 4-5 years old.

Manures and fertilizers: Apply organic manures in May-June with the onset of monsoon. Apply the fertilizers in one dose during May-June until bearing stage and there after in two equal split doses.

Plant  protection: The important pests are hoppers, stem borers, shoot midges, leaf feeding insects, fruit flies and psyllids. The common diseases are the powdery mildew and anthracnose and dieback. Spraying Guesarol containing 5% DDT and 50% sulphur gives good result in controlling both mildew and jassid hoppers.